Our Town

Seminole County at a glance

LAND AREA: 298 square miles
PERSONS PER SQUARE MILE: 1,301
POPULATION: 391,446
POPULATION INCREASE (1990–2004): 36%
2005 PROJECTED POPULATION: 401,800
MEAN TRAVEL TIME TO WORK: 27.0 minutes
MEDIAN HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $49,326
FACTOID: Henry Sanford, the founder of Sanford, was a man well ahead of his time. On his land, Sanford developed a citrus grove and experimental garden called Belair. Also, in 1880 he formed the Florida Land Colonization Co. in London to encourage European investment in Seminole County.

ALTAMONTE SPRINGS

Although Altamonte Springs was incorporated in 1920, its population totaled only 5,000 as recently as 1970. But that was before developers turned this erstwhile whistle stop into a thriving suburb.

Today, Altamonte Springs, population 42,300, is known primarily for the Altamonte Mall, the area's first regional mall, built in 1974, and for the presence of virtually every chain eatery in the world.

Many of the city's subdivisions can be found along Palm Springs Drive, Maitland Avenue and Montgomery Road, not far from the mall. Some of the older developments are nestled around hidden lakes that seem far removed from the hustle and bustle.

Multifamily housing also is plentiful, with no less than 30 apartment developments located within the city limits, primarily along Semoran Boulevard, also known as S.R. 436. Apartment living, plus the convenience of shopping and entertainment venues, has made Altamonte Springs popular among young adults.

But because no city wants its identity tied entirely to a mall, local officials are focusing on a 25-acre Altamonte town center, which would shift the focus toward adjacent Crane's Roost Park and its 40-acre manmade lake.

The park already hosts community events, such as the city's huge Fourth of July celebration. And the lake, a converted borrow pit created during construction of the mall, is ringed by walkways and office buildings.

Construction is under way on an additional 1 million-plus square feet of restaurants, stores, offices, condominiums and apartments, linked to nearby neighborhoods via a pedestrian bridge straddling busy S.R. 436.

CASSELBERRY

Founded by World War I veteran Hibbard Casselberry, who in 1926 bought 3,000 acres to grow ferns, Casselberry emerged as a suburban residential community after World War II.

By the time it was incorporated in 1965, Casselberry encompassed a number of family-oriented subdivisions and a budding business district near the intersection of S.R. 436 and U.S. Highway 17-92.

In the decades that followed, the city continued to grow—the population today stands at more than 22,000—but it became almost indistinguishable from surrounding unincorporated areas.

Finally, however, this quintessential bedroom community is set to reclaim its distinctive identity. A new City Center, slated for 14.7 acres on Triplet Lake Drive, will contain a community center as well as a restaurant, small shops and possibly town homes.

In addition, the park just north of City Hall is being revamped and expanded to include an amphitheater on Lake Concord. The new and improved facility will host the city's biannual jazz fest as well as a chili cook-off, art shows and other special events.

Casselberry's renaissance is also being bolstered by the redevelopment of the old Seminole Greyhound Park property off Seminola Boulevard. Legacy Park, which will contain 187 single-family homes and 169 townhomes as well as commercial and retail space, is set to break ground later this year with Centex Homes as the primary builder.

Casselberry has 15 parks, more than two dozen lakes and a municipal golf course within its city limits.

LAKE MARY

Lake Mary is one of Central Florida's hottest growth areas, thanks in large part to the dogged persistence of Jeno Paulucci, a blustery, self-made millionaire who made his first fortune selling frozen Chinese food and a second one selling frozen pizza.

The city today sits at the epicenter of Florida's High-Tech Corridor, which follows I-4 from Tampa through Seminole County and northeast to Daytona Beach and Melbourne. Along the route, government and industry have joined forces to attract leading-edge companies in such fields as telecommunications, medical technology and microelectronics.

In Lake Mary, population 14,000, dozens of such companies have set up shop in several sprawling business centers that have combined to create a Central Florida version of Silicon Valley.

But it all started as an isolated railroad station known as Bents, the surname of a local grove owner. In 1900, industry arrived in Bents when Planters Manufacturing Company built a factory to produce starches, dextrines, farina and tapioca.

The facility closed in 1910, however, and Bents—later renamed Lake Mary for the wife of a local pastor—seemed destined to remain an out-of-the-way country town.

That was the case for another half-century, until the construction of I-4 and a successful campaign by community boosters to get a Lake Mary interchange tacked onto the project.

The resulting tracts of easily accessible land caught the eye of Paulucci, founder of Chun King. In the late 1970s he announced plans to build a luxurious residential development and business hub called Heathrow.

Few thought the audacious Paulucci would be successful, and the project floundered at first. But then the plainspoken old salesman quieted naysayers by persuading the American Automobile Association to relocate from suburban Washington, D.C., to his Heathrow Business Center.

The AAA coup, at that time Central Florida's most important corporate relocation in decades, jump-started Heathrow and opened the door for all the business and residential development that followed.

Of course, all those high-paid techies who now call Lake Mary home require upscale housing, which is easily found through an array of gated golf course communities loaded with swim and tennis clubs, private lakes and jogging trails through nature preserves.

Lake Mary officials are using a $100,000 federal grant to advance plans to redevelop the old downtown area to better reflect the city's prosperous image.

Plans call for a combination of government, commercial and residential space in Italian Mediterranean-style buildings along with landscaping improvements on Country Club and Crystal Lake drives. The existing park will be improved and a fountain added, along with a bandshell and an amphitheater.

Yet another Lake Mary town center has been proposed for Colonial Town Park, a 175-acre mixed-use development at a new I-4 interchange.

LONGWOOD

Of all Seminole County's municipalities, Longwood, population 13,700, has the most history to preserve—and has done the best job of preserving it. But it's still a modern place, with a plethora of exclusive country club communities, office parks and shopping centers.

In 1873 a New Englander named Edward Henck homesteaded a tract of land that he named Longwood, after a Boston suburb he had helped plan.

Henck was also the town's first postmaster and its first mayor. And in what may have been his spare time, Henck co-founded the South Florida Railroad and built a line connecting Sanford and Orlando. That venture enabled Longwood to boom as a citrus- and lumber-shipping center as well as a winter resort destination.

But as crucial as Henck was to Longwood's development, it was a carpenter named Josiah Clouser, a Henck employee, whose legacy is most visible. Clouser, a Pennsylvanian, constructed most of the buildings still standing in Longwood's remarkable historic district.

The district is a two-block area on Warren and Church avenues near the intersection of C.R. 427 and C.R. 434. Clauser's restored homes, including a temporary cottage he assembled from scrap lumber, are of particular interest.

Also notable is the so-called Inside-Outside House, thought to be one of the first prefabricated homes in the United States. Built in Boston and assembled in Longwood in 1872, the structure is so named because the wall studs are visible on its exterior.

The Queen-Anne-styled Bradley-McIntyre House and the wood-frame vernacular-style Longwood Hotel, both of which Clouser helped to build, are also located in the historic district, as is the circa-1881 Christ Episcopal Church.

Popular annual events include the Longwood Arts and Crafts Festival, held the weekend before Thanksgiving, and the Founders Day Spring Arts and Crafts Festival, held in March.

On the outskirts of the city toward neighboring Apopka in Orlando" target="_blank">Orange County is Wekiva Springs State Park. And on General Hutchinson Avenue is Big Tree State Park, home of "The Senator," said to be the oldest and largest cypress tree in the state.

OVIEDO

While Oviedo might be one of Central Florida's oldest communities—it was first settled some 140 years ago-this Seminole County boomtown knows how to embrace newcomers. Just ask Tom Walters. The retired U.S. Air Force colonel, a resident for just four years, is now the mayor.

"I think that speaks volumes about just how friendly and welcoming a place Oviedo really is," says Walters, who flew combat missions during the Vietnam War. "It has this very distinct sense of its pioneer roots, but at the same time it's a community that's growing by leaps and bounds. It's staged for great things to come."

Indeed, few Central Florida municipalities have witnessed the kind of growth Oviedo has seen in recent years. The town's population is closing in on 30,000—more than a tenfold increase since 1980.

Oviedo's growth was a long time coming. The area's first settlers, who put down stakes near Lake Jesup in the 1860s, called it Solary's Wharf. In 1883, postmaster Andrew Aulin dubbed it Oviedo, supposedly after seeing a Spanish town of the same name on a map.

Then, after the railroad arrived in 1886, the town became a major shipping point for both celery and citrus. Among the early settlers was Andrew Duda Sr., who made his fortune growing celery and founded A. Duda and Sons, today one of the world's largest growers of sod.

Longtime locals point to 1964 as perhaps the most significant year in Oviedo's history. That's when a desolate 1,145-acre tract in rural northeast Orlando" target="_blank">Orange County, about seven miles east of the city, was selected as the site for Florida Technological University (now the University of Central Florida).

FTU, as it was then known, opened in 1968, prompting Oviedo-born developer Ben Ward to build the city's first new subdivision, Meade Manor, to attract professors and other university employees.

Initially, the carpetbagging Ph.D.s and the wary farmers made an unlikely combination. But they were united by their desire to maintain Oviedo's small-town ambience and to cling to its agricultural heritage.

Eventually, the academicians became ingrained in community life, running for and winning city council offices, serving on community boards, initiating cultural and educational programs and researching local history.

Oviedo's first large-scale residential project was the 2,200-acre Alafaya Woods subdivision, which broke ground in the mid-1980s. Other developments followed in rapid succession, fueled in part by mushrooming growth at UCF. Today, with more than 45,000 students, it's the second-largest state university in Florida.

Environmentalists were quick to raise the alarm, saying the sprawling new communities posed a threat not only to the area's fragile groundwater supply but to the future well-being of the Econlockhatchee River Basin.

While developers made numerous concessions, including more stringent setback requirements and buffer zones along riverbanks, there are still the occasional squabbles between environmentalists and home builders that typify life in Florida.

But even with tighter building guidelines, Oviedo has registered an average of 550 new-home starts per year over the past six years.

The biggest worry among many longtime residents these days is that Oviedo's sleepy old downtown might go the way of the long-gone orange groves and celery fields.

For those just passing through downtown who are forced to stop at the gnarly intersection where state roads 419, 426 and 434 crisscross, there's not a lot to catch the eye: the Town House restaurant, a huge Baptist church and a two-block row of fading cinderblock buildings housing an assortment of mom-and-pop businesses.

Take the time to wander the side streets, however, and an altogether different picture of Oviedo emerges, one of gracious old homes, rolling grass lawns and moss-shrouded oak trees. Indeed, the Oviedo Historical Trail lists no fewer than 85 sites, including the home of pioneer postmaster George Browne, built in 1885, and the James Wilson House, built in 1938 on Lake Charm Circle.

But change is afoot in the form of Oviedo Place, a.k.a. the "new downtown," which will spring up in what is now a tangerine grove just north of Mitchell Hammock Road.

Oviedo voters approved a $9.3 million bond issue in 2003 to help fund the 50-plus-acre development, which will include restaurants, stores, offices, apartments, town homes, single-family homes, a public garden and an outdoor amphitheater along a manmade lake. Bike and pedestrian trails will connect Oviedo Place to the "old downtown" along a one-mile corridor.

Another big draw for relocators are the Oviedo area's public schools. Oviedo High School, Lawton Chiles Middle School, Jackson Heights Middle School and Lawton Elementary School all received A's when the state Department of Education handed out grades this summer. A second school for grades nine through 12, Haggerty High School, opened this year.

SANFORD

Located on the shores of Lake Monroe, Sanford once rivaled Orlando as the region's largest city. A major distribution center for vegetables and citrus, it was known as "The Celery Capital of the World."

But agriculture is no longer king in Sanford, population 38,300. Today it's the Seminole County seat, making county government the leading employer.

And, after years of stagnation, Sanford is also a city on the rise, thanks to a burgeoning airport—one of the fastest-growing in the country—and a downtown redevelopment project.

Sanford's first permanent settlement was Camp Monroe, a fort on the south bank of Lake Monroe built in 1836 to protect settlers from Indians. A year later, Capt. Charles Mellon was killed during an Indian attack, so the garrison was renamed in his honor.

The community that grew up around the fort became known as Mellonville, and in 1845 was named the county seat of what was then Orlando" target="_blank">Orange County. (Seminole County was carved out in 1913.)

Because Lake Monroe provided easy access to the St. Johns River for shipping to other Florida markets, citrus growing developed as a major industry.

In 1870, Gen. Henry S. Sanford, former minister to Belgium, purchased approximately 12,500 acres and laid out a town, which he named for himself, just west of Fort Mellon.

Ten years later, ground was broken for the South Florida Railroad connecting Mellonville, Lake Mary, Longwood and Altamonte Springs with Jacksonville, the state's most important port city. It seemed that big things were in store in 1883, when Mellonville was absorbed by Sanford.

However, late in the decade a fire destroyed numerous buildings, and residents were hit with a yellow-fever epidemic. Those disasters, on top of freezes that ravaged the citrus crops, caused Sanford's population to dip from 5,000 to 2,000. Vegetables, especially cold-resistant celery, later became the city's most important cash crop.

Seminole County's suburban growth in the 1960s and '70s mostly passed Sanford by, and the once-beautiful city became a bit shabby.

Today, however, Sanford is enjoying a resurgence that is in part tied to increased air travel at the Orlando-Sanford International Airport. The facility, located on Sanford's east side, has a two-story international terminal, a separate domestic terminal, a U.S. Customs Office and three paved runways.

In fact, airport adjacency was the catalyst behind Cameron Park, a 261-acre master-planned community winding its way through the governmental approval process at press time. The project will ultimately contain around 1,000 homes as well as commercial development and an office park.

County officials are planning a number of road improvements around the airport that would open up even more land for development. An extension of Lake Mary Boulevard to S.R. 415, expected to be complete next year, would complete a loop around the airport and spark a building boom in an area that now contains woods, pastures and scattered homes.

In historic downtown Sanford, work is complete on the $11 million Sanford Riverwalk, which includes sidewalks and bike trails along Lake Monroe between Mellonville and French avenues.

Also downtown, a 24-story, 564-unit condominium development overlooking Lake Monroe is planned. The project, dubbed River's Edge, would be by far the city's largest multifamily residential complex.

One of the most important downtown attractions is the Helen Stairs Theater, a renovated movie house that hosts theatrical productions and live concerts.

And work has recently finished on a streetscape project to enhance First Street, downtown's main drag, between Oak and Sanford avenues. Under the $2.2 million project, the original brick beneath the asphalt was restored, sidewalks were being widened and parking spaces changed from angled to parallel.

Relocators to Sanford can choose from an array of new subdivisions on the city's outskirts, or they can latch on to a Victorian fixer-upper in the rapidly gentrifying city center.

Locals and visitors alike frequent Flea World, a flea market on steroids that features circus acts and thrill rides in addition to acres of eclectic merchandise.

WINTER SPRINGS

Until the mid-1950s, Winter Springs was nothing more than several square miles of scrub pine and palmettos. That's when developers Raymond Moss and William Edgemon bought the land, subdivided it and introduced The Village of North Orlando.

At the start of the 1970s, a time of rampant growth throughout Central Florida, the area was still called North Orlando, and contained one small grocery store and roughly 300 homes straddling S.R. 434.

Tuscawilla, eastern Seminole County's first upscale golf course community, changed all that. Also, a new city charter was adopted in 1972, changing the city's name to Winter Springs.

Today, the city's growth rivals that of adjacent Oviedo. In the past two decades, population has increased 800 percent, to more than 31,600. And more growth is on the way, through both residential and commercial development.

Winter Springs is also land hungry, and has been expanding its boundaries through an aggressive annexation program.

Officials are now eyeing more of the so-called Black Hammock, a marshy wilderness north of the city where scattered homes are set on three- to five-acre lots. Over the years, the city has annexed several Black Hammock parcels and re-zoned them to allow new subdivisions, much to the chagrin of many Black Hammock residents.

As a result, the county jumped into the fray, backing a charter amendment on the November 2004 ballot that gave county commissioners final say on land use decisions in rural areas, even if a municipality had annexed the land in question. The amendment passed with 56 percent of the vote, but under appeal from the city, a judge ruled the ballot's wording was misleading and overturned the vote. The county was still deciding whether it would appeal at press time.

In any case, Winter Springs is moving ahead on other fronts. Because the city has never had a downtown per se, elected officials welcomed news that a South Carolina-based developer wanted to build a 240-acre Town Center at the corner of S.R. 434 and Tuskawilla Road.

However, the first phase of the Winter Springs Town Center, which contains a Publix supermarket, was criticized by some as being more akin to a giant, vehicle-dependent shopping center than the old-fashioned, pedestrian-friendly village they had expected.

As a result, James Doran Company, the developer, has promised that phase two will feature walkable streetscapes and a mixture of retail space, commercial space and multifamily housing.

ALTAMONTE'S NEW DOWNTOWN

Ground was broken last summer for Uptown Altamonte, an ambitious, $250 million project set on a 25-acre site between I-4 and the Altamonte Mall.

The project, a partnership between the city's Community Redevelopment Agency and private developers, will boast an impressive 1.5 million square feet for retail space, offices and residences. But more importantly, it will finally give the sprawling Seminole County city a distinctive urban core.

To be sure, planners are making the most of a relatively compact space. By contrast, bustling Winter Park Village, located along U.S. Highway 17-92, encompasses buildings totaling just 500,000 square feet on 40 acres.

"We'll have three times the amount of space on just 60 percent of the acreage. We're talking about a very dense and very highly planned project," says Mark Sneed, project director for Uptown Altamonte. But it's also a very different type of project.

Compared to Winter Park Village, the Uptown Altamonte will have less retail, since shopping opportunities already exist in the adjacent 1.3-million-square-foot regional mall. Instead, plans call for nearly 700 apartments and condominiums, with the possibility of an upscale hotel.

For example, Phoenicia Development and Unicorp National Developments are building a luxurious two-tower, 236-unit condominium project overlooking Crane's Roost Lake. Park Towers at Uptown Altamonte will offer one-, two- and three-bedroom units priced from the mid-$360s to more than $1 million.

The northwest portion of Uptown Altamonte will be anchored by Crane's Roost Plaza, where concerts and other public events are already held on the shores of Crane's Roost Lake.

The project is going to have a remarkable impact on the city of Altamonte Springs.

"It's really the next step in the evolution of the community," says Frank Martz, director of the Community Redevelopment Agency and planning services. "It'll bring people to the town center every day of the year. It'll be a wonderful balance of living, working and playing."